Crohn’s Information

Crohn’s disease

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Crohn’s disease (also known as granulomatous, and colitis) is an inflammatory disease of the intestines that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, causing a wide variety of symptoms. It primarily causes abdominal pain, diarrhea (which may be bloody), vomiting, or weight loss, but may also cause complications outside of the gastrointestinal tract such as skin rashes, arthritis, inflammation of the eye, tiredness, and lack of concentration.

Crohn’s disease is thought to be an autoimmune disease, in which the body’s immune system attacks the gastrointestinal tract, causing inflammation; it is classified as a type of inflammatory bowel disease. There has been evidence of a genetic link to Crohn’s disease, putting individuals with siblings afflicted with the disease at higher risk.[4] It is understood to have a large environmental component as evidenced by the higher number of cases in western industrialized nations. Males and females are equally affected. Smokers are three times more likely to develop Crohn’s disease.[5] Crohn’s disease affects between 400,000 and 600,000 people in North America.[6] Prevalence estimates for Northern Europe have ranged from 27–48 per 100,000.[7] Crohn’s disease tends to present initially in the teens and twenties, with another peak incidence in the fifties to seventies, although the disease can occur at any age.

There is no known pharmaceutical or surgical cure for Crohn’s disease.[9] Treatment options are restricted to controlling symptoms, maintaining remission and preventing relapse.

The disease was named for American gastroenterologist Burrill Bernard Crohn, who in 1932, along with two colleagues, described a series of patients with inflammation of the terminal ileum, the area most commonly affected by the illness.[10] For this reason, the disease has also been called regional ileitis[10] or regional enteritis. The condition, however, has been independently identified by others in the literature prior, most notably in 1904 by Polish surgeon Antoni Leśniowski for whom the condition is additionally named (Leśniowski-Crohn’s disease) in the Polish literature.